& \multicolumn{6}{c}{ \textbf{Ground} } & \multicolumn{6}{c}{ \textbf{Radio} } \\
\cmidrule(lr{1em}){2-7} \cmidrule(lr{1em}){8-13} 
 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(1)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(2)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(3)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(4)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(5)} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{(6)} \\ \midrule
\textbf{A. Incumbent}&                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         \\
\hspace{0.1cm} \textit{Intensive Invite}&   -0.027         &  (0.040)&   -0.027         &  (0.046)&   -0.021         &  (0.046)&    0.091\sym{**} &  (0.037)&    0.115\sym{***}&  (0.039)&    0.105\sym{**} &  (0.040)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Days since Sept 1&    0.010\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.009\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.010\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.007\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.006\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.007\sym{***}&  (0.002)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Respondent is male&    0.031         &  (0.041)&    0.050         &  (0.047)&    0.027         &  (0.041)&    0.206\sym{***}&  (0.036)&    0.216\sym{***}&  (0.041)&    0.187\sym{***}&  (0.039)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Respondent age&   -0.004\sym{**} &  (0.002)&   -0.005\sym{**} &  (0.002)&   -0.005\sym{**} &  (0.002)&    0.002         &  (0.002)&    0.003\sym{*}  &  (0.002)&    0.003         &  (0.002)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Candidate party: UP&   -0.025         &  (0.092)&    0.010         &  (0.103)&    0.031         &  (0.120)&    0.016         &  (0.077)&    0.073         &  (0.075)&   -0.022         &  (0.076)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Primary&    0.050         &  (0.071)&    0.064         &  (0.083)&    0.028         &  (0.072)&   -0.008         &  (0.073)&   -0.019         &  (0.077)&   -0.018         &  (0.070)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Secondary&   -0.003         &  (0.044)&    0.008         &  (0.050)&   -0.009         &  (0.047)&    0.113\sym{***}&  (0.036)&    0.131\sym{***}&  (0.042)&    0.126\sym{***}&  (0.039)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Tertiary&   -0.007         &  (0.056)&   -0.011         &  (0.069)&    0.015         &  (0.058)&    0.037         &  (0.053)&   -0.000         &  (0.059)&    0.036         &  (0.056)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Number of candidates (2017)&    0.009         &  (0.015)&    0.001         &  (0.018)&    0.005         &  (0.015)&   -0.010         &  (0.019)&    0.002         &  (0.021)&   -0.018         &  (0.018)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Incumbent ran in election (2017)&    0.085         &  (0.109)&   -0.015         &  (0.121)&    0.031         &  (0.123)&   -0.308\sym{**} &  (0.117)&   -0.422\sym{***}&  (0.147)&   -0.352\sym{***}&  (0.132)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Log registered voters (2017)&   -0.252         &  (0.239)&   -0.137         &  (0.241)&   -0.223         &  (0.264)&    0.120         &  (0.208)&    0.218         &  (0.211)&    0.264         &  (0.213)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Number of debates in district&   -0.048         &  (0.084)&   -0.009         &  (0.098)&   -0.019         &  (0.087)&    0.127         &  (0.107)&    0.083         &  (0.112)&    0.171\sym{*}  &  (0.099)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 1st voteshare (2011)&   -0.285         &  (0.705)&    0.553         &  (0.959)&    0.537         &  (1.030)&    2.556\sym{**} &  (1.003)&    1.733\sym{*}  &  (0.929)&    2.181\sym{**} &  (0.997)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 2nd voteshare (2011)&    0.055         &  (0.750)&    0.225         &  (0.829)&   -0.000         &  (0.866)&    0.123         &  (0.641)&    0.335         &  (0.677)&    0.363         &  (0.678)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 3rd voteshare (2011)&    1.907\sym{*}  &  (1.022)&    1.708         &  (1.282)&    2.730\sym{**} &  (1.348)&   -0.767         &  (0.934)&   -1.117         &  (0.972)&   -1.290         &  (0.966)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Voteshare HHI (2011)&    0.277         &  (0.816)&   -0.580         &  (1.025)&   -0.572         &  (1.117)&   -2.854\sym{**} &  (1.156)&   -1.928\sym{*}  &  (1.082)&   -2.487\sym{**} &  (1.145)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Turnout (2011)&   -5.027\sym{**} &  (2.338)&   -5.631\sym{*}  &  (2.956)&   -5.629\sym{*}  &  (3.130)&   -2.258         &  (2.193)&   -3.845\sym{*}  &  (2.187)&   -2.838         &  (2.336)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share of repeat candidates (2017)&    1.124\sym{***}&  (0.421)&    1.317\sym{**} &  (0.558)&    1.274\sym{**} &  (0.537)&    0.473         &  (0.442)&    0.943\sym{**} &  (0.429)&    0.718\sym{*}  &  (0.405)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Log population density (2008)&    0.034         &  (0.049)&   -0.007         &  (0.061)&    0.009         &  (0.060)&    0.021         &  (0.052)&    0.041         &  (0.050)&    0.006         &  (0.051)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share with GSM coverage (2015)&    0.054         &  (0.318)&   -0.234         &  (0.409)&   -0.156         &  (0.386)&   -0.296         &  (0.320)&   -0.481         &  (0.303)&   -0.282         &  (0.315)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share owns a radio (2016)&   -0.208         &  (0.346)&   -0.009         &  (0.433)&   -0.186         &  (0.415)&    0.117         &  (0.392)&    0.050         &  (0.357)&    0.060         &  (0.377)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share gets radio news often (2016)&   -0.270         &  (0.473)&   -0.346         &  (0.566)&   -0.197         &  (0.536)&   -0.172         &  (0.429)&   -0.171         &  (0.419)&   -0.070         &  (0.390)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share over 18 (2008)&   -3.545         &  (2.305)&   -5.161\sym{*}  &  (2.926)&   -5.214         &  (3.158)&   -7.396\sym{***}&  (2.467)&   -9.506\sym{***}&  (2.533)&   -8.035\sym{***}&  (2.817)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share with secondary education (2008)&    1.072         &  (1.196)&    3.307\sym{*}  &  (1.830)&    2.832         &  (1.735)&    2.214\sym{**} &  (0.935)&    2.686\sym{***}&  (0.961)&    2.234\sym{**} &  (0.885)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Avg. N radio stations covering each town (2016)&    0.013         &  (0.009)&    0.019         &  (0.012)&    0.019         &  (0.013)&    0.007         &  (0.009)&    0.014         &  (0.009)&    0.012         &  (0.010)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} ED: scheduled debate week&   -0.521\sym{**} &  (0.196)&   -0.669\sym{**} &  (0.282)&   -0.743\sym{**} &  (0.301)&   -0.365\sym{**} &  (0.152)&   -0.493\sym{***}&  (0.154)&   -0.385\sym{**} &  (0.154)\\
\midrule
\hspace{0.1cm} Observations&    3,492         &         &    3,492         &         &    3,492         &         &    3,496         &         &    3,496         &         &    3,496         &         \\
\hspace{0.1cm} Weight&       No         &         &    1/Obs         &         &  Reg/Obs         &         &       No         &         &    1/Obs         &         &  Reg/Obs         &         \\
\midrule
\textbf{B. Challengers}&                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         &                  &         \\
\hspace{0.1cm} \textit{Intensive Invite}&   -0.067\sym{*}  &  (0.037)&   -0.078\sym{**} &  (0.033)&   -0.081\sym{**} &  (0.037)&   -0.028         &  (0.028)&   -0.005         &  (0.030)&   -0.018         &  (0.029)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Days since Sept 1&    0.012\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.012\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.012\sym{***}&  (0.002)&    0.012\sym{***}&  (0.001)&    0.011\sym{***}&  (0.001)&    0.012\sym{***}&  (0.001)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Respondent is male&    0.085\sym{***}&  (0.032)&    0.059\sym{*}  &  (0.034)&    0.078\sym{**} &  (0.032)&    0.212\sym{***}&  (0.028)&    0.211\sym{***}&  (0.037)&    0.194\sym{***}&  (0.034)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Respondent age&   -0.001         &  (0.001)&   -0.001         &  (0.002)&   -0.002         &  (0.002)&    0.001         &  (0.001)&   -0.000         &  (0.002)&   -0.000         &  (0.002)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Candidate party: UP&    0.122\sym{***}&  (0.038)&    0.108\sym{***}&  (0.031)&    0.103\sym{***}&  (0.034)&    0.185\sym{***}&  (0.067)&    0.138\sym{**} &  (0.059)&    0.124\sym{**} &  (0.056)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Primary&    0.004         &  (0.054)&    0.040         &  (0.055)&    0.029         &  (0.053)&   -0.015         &  (0.061)&   -0.017         &  (0.068)&    0.004         &  (0.066)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Secondary&    0.025         &  (0.036)&    0.046         &  (0.039)&    0.027         &  (0.035)&    0.124\sym{***}&  (0.039)&    0.139\sym{***}&  (0.038)&    0.135\sym{***}&  (0.038)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Education: Tertiary&   -0.012         &  (0.036)&    0.001         &  (0.038)&    0.002         &  (0.037)&    0.018         &  (0.035)&    0.017         &  (0.044)&    0.018         &  (0.041)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Number of candidates (2017)&   -0.009         &  (0.014)&   -0.023\sym{*}  &  (0.012)&   -0.009         &  (0.013)&   -0.015         &  (0.010)&   -0.014         &  (0.011)&   -0.013         &  (0.010)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Incumbent ran in election (2017)&   -0.050         &  (0.052)&   -0.049         &  (0.046)&   -0.064         &  (0.050)&   -0.081\sym{*}  &  (0.047)&   -0.085\sym{*}  &  (0.044)&   -0.103\sym{**} &  (0.046)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Log registered voters (2017)&    0.123         &  (0.096)&    0.138         &  (0.084)&    0.110         &  (0.096)&    0.135         &  (0.113)&    0.103         &  (0.089)&    0.072         &  (0.089)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Number of debates in district&    0.026         &  (0.085)&    0.085         &  (0.070)&    0.015         &  (0.076)&    0.045         &  (0.074)&    0.056         &  (0.069)&    0.049         &  (0.068)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 1st voteshare (2011)&   -0.305         &  (0.573)&    0.180         &  (0.514)&   -0.191         &  (0.539)&   -0.320         &  (0.650)&   -0.067         &  (0.616)&   -0.114         &  (0.667)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 2nd voteshare (2011)&    0.680         &  (0.506)&    0.741         &  (0.520)&    0.374         &  (0.543)&    0.710         &  (0.488)&    0.525         &  (0.485)&    0.220         &  (0.479)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} 3rd voteshare (2011)&   -0.492         &  (0.815)&    0.300         &  (0.686)&    0.342         &  (0.905)&   -1.919\sym{**} &  (0.849)&   -0.990         &  (0.936)&   -1.210         &  (0.943)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Voteshare HHI (2011)&    0.506         &  (0.685)&   -0.021         &  (0.626)&    0.405         &  (0.644)&    0.235         &  (0.751)&    0.130         &  (0.683)&    0.134         &  (0.734)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Turnout (2011)&    0.238         &  (0.821)&   -0.378         &  (0.712)&   -0.018         &  (0.717)&    1.214         &  (1.064)&    0.469         &  (0.855)&    0.381         &  (0.859)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share of repeat candidates (2017)&    0.031         &  (0.169)&   -0.042         &  (0.147)&   -0.057         &  (0.171)&   -0.326\sym{*}  &  (0.180)&   -0.142         &  (0.200)&   -0.207         &  (0.209)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Log population density (2008)&   -0.021         &  (0.033)&   -0.029         &  (0.030)&   -0.020         &  (0.032)&   -0.005         &  (0.037)&    0.030         &  (0.037)&    0.036         &  (0.034)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share with GSM coverage (2015)&    0.016         &  (0.113)&    0.045         &  (0.098)&    0.022         &  (0.102)&    0.239         &  (0.161)&    0.103         &  (0.136)&    0.107         &  (0.134)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share owns a radio (2016)&    0.388         &  (0.238)&    0.358\sym{*}  &  (0.207)&    0.383\sym{*}  &  (0.201)&    0.538\sym{*}  &  (0.315)&    0.267         &  (0.276)&    0.334         &  (0.264)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share gets radio news often (2016)&   -0.084         &  (0.184)&   -0.110         &  (0.167)&   -0.137         &  (0.178)&   -0.327         &  (0.203)&   -0.200         &  (0.215)&   -0.262         &  (0.199)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share over 18 (2008)&   -0.256         &  (1.185)&    0.020         &  (1.016)&   -0.047         &  (1.078)&   -1.041         &  (1.506)&   -1.760         &  (1.277)&   -1.255         &  (1.376)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Share with secondary education (2008)&   -0.227         &  (0.652)&   -0.129         &  (0.699)&    0.085         &  (0.669)&   -0.517         &  (0.806)&   -1.010         &  (0.802)&   -0.809         &  (0.766)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} Avg. N radio stations covering each town (2016)&   -0.005         &  (0.005)&   -0.004         &  (0.005)&   -0.005         &  (0.004)&   -0.011\sym{**} &  (0.005)&   -0.009\sym{*}  &  (0.005)&   -0.012\sym{**} &  (0.005)\\
\hspace{0.1cm} ED: scheduled debate week&    0.104         &  (0.080)&    0.050         &  (0.061)&    0.066         &  (0.074)&    0.152\sym{*}  &  (0.088)&    0.109         &  (0.075)&    0.136         &  (0.082)\\
\midrule
\hspace{0.1cm} Observations&    8,678         &         &    8,678         &         &    8,678         &         &    8,686         &         &    8,686         &         &    8,686         &         \\
\hspace{0.1cm} Weight&       No         &         &    1/Obs         &         &  Reg/Obs         &         &       No         &         &    1/Obs         &         &  Reg/Obs         &         \\
